Introduction and configuration of Nginx

Nginx is a high-performance HTTP and reverse proxy server, as well as an IMAP/POP3/SMTP proxy server. It was created by Igor Sysoev and first released in 2004. Nginx is known for its high concurrency and low resource consumption, and is widely used in web servers and reverse proxy servers.

Main Features of Nginx

High concurrency: Nginx uses an event-driven architecture that can handle a large number of concurrent connections, making it suitable for high-traffic websites.

Low resource consumption: Nginx's design allows it to consume less memory and CPU resources when handling a large number of connections.

Reverse proxy and load balancing: Nginx can act as a reverse proxy server, distributing client requests to backend servers to achieve load balancing.

Static file service: Nginx can efficiently serve static files such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, images, etc.

Modular design: Nginx supports extending functionality through modules, allowing different modules to be loaded as needed.

Support for multiple protocols: Nginx supports HTTP, HTTPS, IMAP, POP3, and SMTP protocols.

Main Nginx Configuration File

nginx.conf

        user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;

events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}

http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

Secondary Nginx Configuration File

xxx.conf

        server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  localhost;

    location / {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
        index  index.html index.htm;
    }

    error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
    location = /50x.html {
        root   /usr/share/nginx/html;
    }
}